The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.